Agriculture

Areca nut cultivation faces infestation by several insects and non-insects. These insects could infest all parts of the Areca palm from the root to Areca fruits. The major pests causing considerable crop loss to the farmers will comprise Mites, Spindle bugs, Caterpillars and Root grubbers.

Chilli processing not only takes a physical toll but is made more difficult by its unpredictable process. Due to limited means of livelihood, many young people join low-skilled workplaces such as this micro-unit despite its many hazards.

Paddy cultivation in smaller farmland is challenging as the driveways to these lands are smaller but the machinery used are very large.

Farmers currently face the problem of paying high labor for individual tree climbing which impacts their yearly revenue. Current solutions present in the market are very high which everyone cant support.

Parasitic, bacterial and viral infections, exposure to pesticides, radiation from mobiles, poor nutrition and global warming affect the bee colonies. Urban bees survive better, produce more honey, and are healthier than rural bees.

They are hard to maintain and most gardens die off due to water shortage, pests and unwanted weeds. Terrace, kitchen and community gardens is a growing interest in cities and it helps provide food and temperature control besides having decorative benefits.

Due to a lack of food and water in the forests during the summer, wild animals inflict damage to lands next to those places. Farmers and government representatives claim they are powerless to address this ongoing issue and claim they have no choice but to manually drive the wild animals away.

Due to over irrigation water gets wasted, or sometimes due to under irrigation plants might not get required amount of water.when farm lands and fields are situated miles away from home, extensive travel might be required that too several times in a day to start and stop the water pumps because of reduced manpower,which way will you adopt to determine optimum irrigation strategies and use water efficiently inorder to eradicate such problems?

"Farmers are under pressure to produce more food AND use less energy and water in the process. A remote monitoring and control system will help farmers deal effectively with these pressures. Irrigated farms typically deploy a single pump to irrigate 80 to 100 acres of land. Many large farms, therefore, require 40 to 80 or more irrigation pumps spread over hundreds of square miles. Most are pumping ground water for irrigation purposes, most operate in remote fields, and trucks must roll to tend to them. Ideally, each field should get just the right amount of water at just the right time. Under-watering causes crop stress and yield reduction. Overwatering can also cause yield reduction and consumes more water and fuel than necessary and leads to soil erosion and fertilizer, herbicide, and pesticide runoff."

Indian soils have been used for growing crops over thousands of years without caring much for replenishing. This has led to depletion and exhaustion of soils resulting in their low productivity. The average yields of almost all the crops are among t e lowest in the world. This is a serious problem which can be solved by using more manures and fertilizers.